Iraq continues to maintain stable wheat production despite facing climate challenges. The country’s wheat reserves ensure food security for the third consecutive year. This achievement demonstrates Iraq’s firm steps toward agricultural self-reliance.
The Ministry of Trade confirmed that more than five million tons of wheat were marketed this season. Iraq’s Grain Trade Company explained that total wheat deliveries reached over 5.1 million tons. This volume guarantees wheat availability until at least 2027.
In previous years, Iraq produced even higher amounts. For instance, wheat output reached 6.3 million tons last year and 5.19 million tons the year before. These figures show Iraq’s consistent efforts in maintaining strong wheat production.
However, recent climate conditions continue to threaten crop levels. Limited rainfall this year caused a drop in overall output. Still, officials expect production to reach 5.12 million tons, slightly lower than last year’s 5.4 million tons.
Water scarcity remains Iraq’s major concern. Rivers flowing from Turkey and Iran carry less water due to upstream dams. Iraq lacks formal agreements with these countries, which makes water flow unpredictable.
The lack of rainfall, combined with drought conditions, has added pressure on agriculture. Yet, Iraq’s wheat reserves ensure food security in the short term.
Despite these problems, the Ministry of Agriculture recently declared self-sufficiency in wheat for the third year in a row. This result came from continued government support. Officials have introduced better seeds and fertilizers, and they promote modern irrigation techniques. These strategies help overcome water shortages.
Before the Ukraine crisis, Iraq achieved wheat self-sufficiency multiple times. Production reached 4.7 million tons in 2019, 6.2 million tons in 2020, and about 4.2 million tons in 2021. Later, severe water shortages and desertification forced Iraq to import wheat to meet demand.
Even with current climate threats, Iraq’s wheat reserves ensure food security. The country now focuses on maintaining this status through innovation and planning. Officials remain confident that with proper strategies, Iraq can overcome environmental obstacles.